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Super electoral reform or overhang mandates

1) Party fragmentation

The German party system is not up to the crisis. The party fragmentation progresses, according to now 6 parties (CDU, SPD, CSU, FDP, Greens, left) will probably be on 27 September 7 parties (perhaps + Pirate Party) in the Bundestag move. Tedious transfer of power after 1949 was only by a tip the scales possible, and not by the people. Now we are in a bad-weather democracy, the national product is shrinking, unemployment is rising, you stare motionless on the financial crisis and climate change, global political agreement is not reached on effective measures zustande.1933 Hitler would be in English relative majority system probably not come to power. The crisis leaves us no choice but to change as the personalized proportional representation in a relative majority vote. It is now not a question of a new arbitrary barriers such as the 5% clause or a little more personalization of the electoral list or through a reduction of the idiotic and unconstitutional overhang seats thinking, but a new concept to be. The Federal Constitutional Court, all parties in the new Bundestag given up trying to find a simple way out of the absolute majority of national crisis.

2) The idea

The 2:1 / 1:2 electoral system in the three-person constituency: the relative majority system in Einpersonenwahlkreis ["winner takes all" so the 1:0 / 0:1 system, either Party A and Party B wins or losing the next election cycle, it is to be] reversed changed to a 2:1 / 1:2 electoral system in the three-person constituency, that is, the constituency will be increased to three members of parliament.

3) A detailed description of the idea

Each Party shall provide to two candidates per constituency: a woman and a man, ie a List of two persons. In primary elections [ie: public elections of candidates of each party] is about the candidates and decided at the same time over the first and second place. This is not the candidate is placed in the back room of a party bureaucracy or just party members but by a wider population, so all political sympathizers in the United States.

For general elections, each voter has one vote for a two-person list. The party with the relatively most votes in a constituency wins, and sends two members to parliament: that a woman and a man losing the second largest party gets at least a minority protection mandate and only sends one MP to Parliament: woman or a man, according to the priority status awarded in primaries. All other parties to win any seats, as is normal with a relative majority system.

would tend to lead this nation-wide to an open two-party system and in particular the fact that both the winning and the first party to second party losing the constituency represented, reduce regional strongholds. And the inherent closeness of opportunity for change of power would be the rule. Nationally, there were no overwhelming majorities and not regionalism of the parties. More than two-thirds for a ruling party would be impossible, and one third of the seats were for women and the opposition party mathematically safe.

should be in a transitional period, all voters vote as a preference in Australia have: a second vote. Everyone should have the first vote, his emotional and select preferred party with the second vote, which could be the likely winning party they support the most. Should not have been chosen with the first vote party reached the first or second place, his second vote can still influence within the two parties winning the exit. In the end, so the end result can be reversed: a party that the "primary vote" two MPs added, remains the "preference vote" sit on only a minority protection mandate.

The second vote will not count if the first vote has already chosen one or two winners. The first vote is worthless if it has been considered a splinter party that won neither a ticket nor a two minority protection mandate. Other additional conditions are: election expenses limit, an independent election commission and voting is compulsory.

4) The Utopia

Of course any idea as long as a utopia, until it becomes reality. And even a realization of this idea in any nation-state is still no solution, if more than half of the World population is still not a form of parliamentary democracy enjoys, but prevented from authoritarian to totalitarian forms of government with them, to comment or to pursue a sensible co-operation. Not coincidentally wrote Immanuel Kant, "Idea for a Universal History with a civic purpose," and "Perpetual Peace" Kant believed that reason would prevail slowly It remains 200 years later still a dream.. Democracy around the world democracy. as a system of power at the time. tends to 50% women MPs and 50% male members. tend to narrow majorities in the constituencies and in the parliaments. Every four years there is a chance the change of power. The fear of losing power leads to more reason and rationality. A third of the seats is always and everywhere the opposition secure. A third is guaranteed regardless of female MPs from the party affiliation. Or if a woman ever geschähe revolution, a third of the seats is also guaranteed for male MPs.

5) The evolution of reason?

allows the evolution of man we have no choice but to believe in the enforceability of reason. The emergence of democracy in Greece 2,500 years ago had triggered an explosion of reason. One discovery after another drove the science forward. The old question of whether the history of mankind moving forward is difficult to answer. Too many senseless wars, too many diseases and epidemics, famine, and too many too many dictatorships, the majority of people tortured and do it today.

It is difficult in the face of the world, so as to remain an optimist. Still, a feeling is overwhelming: the call for a peaceful world community can not be dismissed out of hand (see Kant). A peaceful world community is possible only in democracies.

There were so many moments in history where the people would again move back to the Stone Age could: just think, the Christian monks had not written down all the Greek texts and preserved. Or the Islamic scholars have not created the document and the Arab and Indian numbers to Europe. Or the people between the Euphrates and Tigris have not invented the cuneiform script, and later the Phoenicians not consonant letters.
fact that despite everything, now offers a world that the United Nations, Human Rights has stated, has formed a number of free societies to democracy and rule of law, borders on a miracle. Or a lucky coincidence, because in the Earth hundreds of millions of years in varying icing and excessive temperatures not life itself has been wiped out.

(more information: http://www.2009-de.com and / or
http://www.webnews.de/kommentare/492987/0/Lafontaine-oder-Superwahlreform-im-Superwahljahr-ARidder-an -RD-Precht.html and / or

http://www.yigg.de/politik/superwahlreform-oder-ueberhangmandate-weg-aus-der-krise)

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What does the election result in Vorarlberg?

short, little new.

The FPOe benefited largely at the expense of the SPÖ.

the ÖVP has apparently not too much wrong otherwise they would have lost everything.

The Greens do not have too many seemingly better done - otherwise the results would be better - although you have to say the votes were more important as the turnout is higher (does however f. all parties)

The SPOE has to deal with the country and foreigners election campaign of the FP problems, in particular a VP, the mighty little positioning in the "social" permits.
A comment me here is still important, although the Social Democrats lose as many votes can SORA demonstrate no significant migration to the Greens.

But one falls to the interested observer, to - the BZÖ is far worse than expected. The BZÖ ziehlt mainly from on VP alarmed at, and in a 50% state of VP only to get something more than 1% is bad, even worse as the party "Gsiberger" and as the National Party.

An addendum to the FP - so great and perfect is not.
defacto it is, 1999 to 27.41% (52 444 votes), 2009 25.25% (44,122 votes) at 2% loss of votes in absolute terms, but means less than the 8,000 voters in the election before last. However, the cut in JungwaehlerInnen considerably and lead to my opinion on the weakness of other parties in the youth back. In particular, the Greens lose the youth, that is bad and needs to think about.

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Lafontaine or Super electoral reform in election year?

Lafontaine it seems made it to the last state elections have to split the German party system. Richard David Precht calls, in the talk show "People euromaxx" a lame Swiss consociational democracy. Is this a solution of the problems? Precht forget the size of the discovery of the Greek majority democracy. Suddenly in the history of mankind was the majority of the people decide about choosing between black and white stones. This triggered an explosion of reason from 2500 years ago: in science and philosophy. Avoidant personality suddenly decided with the autonomous reason and not the existing power or a shaman religion. Suddenly there was power on time and the inherent opportunity for change of power in a Persoenlichkeitswahl. The fear of loss of power led to more reason and rationality. As the story grew slowly approached the Parteiensytem and evolved so that the thinking in groups and dependencies, the autonomous association of interest.

What we still take away the breath, as the majority Americans suddenly a black African was elected president. Or as President SBY in Indonesia swept away the old system of power. Or, as in Japan for the first time in 50 years, the opposition causes the change of power. Or, as in Burma weak petite woman, Aung San Suu Kyi, already under house arrest, a 30-year military dictatorship in his place and had since then holds as a Nobel laureate under house arrest for another 20 years the world under the spell. The many years of Nelson Mandela on Robben Iceland and many other examples show that the change of power by keeping the majority of the people of the world in suspense.

When the people elected by a majority in West Germany, Chancellor or Chancellor who will? If Angela Merkel against Frank Steinmeier would stand for election, only then to Germany ready for democracy, and that means away from the Verhaeltniswahl, even to use the ballot! And over the three-person constituency would be mandatory for candidates with primaries up!



(read for better understanding the previous entry or go to http://www.2009-de.com/ or http://sites.google.com/site/dreipersonenwahlkreis/ or http://sites.google.com/site/wahlreform/Home )